Appendix D — Quiz

• In an educational project some treatment schools decide after you randomize that they cannot participate. Your implementing partner wants to substitute those schools with new schools from the control which really want to receive treatment.

• Should you allow for this?

• In your financial intervention you gave debit cards to people in treatment localities. You realize that some people in the treatment are not using the debit card at all.

• Should you define them as part of the treatment or the control when making your analysis?

• In a health intervention you are giving workshops to patients as part of an intervention. Your intervention takes place in two States (one poor and one rich), half of the clinics in each State is treatment and the other half is control.

• Your implementing partner tells you that it is very inefficient and expensive doing half and half. That they can only afford to do one full State treatment and the other control. If this is a take-it or leave-it situation, what would you do?

• In a gender violence project you are giving one-to-one advisories to victims. Your treatment is distributed at the locality level. Some of your beneficiaries seem to be improving and ask you that they want to invite their friends in the community who have been also victims, but are not receiving “treatment”.

• Should you allow for this?

• Quasi-experiments

  • Difference-in-difference

  • Regression discontinuity

  • Natural experiments

  • Matching

• Objective: Try to find a credible scenario for the “control”